What Does Chemotherapy Do To Your Nails : A Comprehensive Insight

Chemotherapy, widely recognized for its role in combating cancer, is also associated with various side effects, one of which includes notable changes to your nails. This article aims to delve into the effects of chemotherapy on nails, outlining the types of changes you might encounter and providing guidance on nail care during and after your chemotherapy treatment. 

• Overview of Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy involves the use of potent drugs designed to destroy rapidly multiplying cancer cells.
• How Chemotherapy Works: The treatment targets cells that divide quickly, which unfortunately includes healthy cells in areas like nails, hair, and skin, leading to several side effects. 

Chemotherapy can cause a variety of changes in the nails, reflecting the impact of the treatment on rapidly dividing cells in the nail matrix. These changes are often temporary but can be concerning for patients. Here are some expanded details on common nail changes during chemotherapy:

• Causes: Certain chemotherapy drugs can lead to pigmentation changes in the nails. The discoloration may appear as yellow, brown, or black hues and can affect one or several nails.
• Patterns: Discoloration may present as dark streaks or as a more diffuse change in nail color. In some cases, the pigmentation changes can also be seen in the surrounding skin.

• How It Happens: Chemotherapy can disrupt the growth and health of nail cells, leading to nails that are more prone to breakage and splitting.
• Care Tips: Keeping nails trimmed and avoiding harsh chemicals can help minimize damage. Using hydrating nail oils or moisturizers can also provide some relief.

• Appearance: Beau’s lines are horizontal indentations or ridges that can appear across the nails. They usually form when nail growth is temporarily disrupted and can vary in depth and prominence.
• Timing: The timing of the appearance of Beau’s lines can sometimes help track the history of chemotherapy treatment, as they correspond to the cycle of chemotherapy.

• Symptoms: In this condition, the nail becomes detached from the underlying nail bed, starting at the tip and progressing backward. It can be uncomfortable and may increase the risk of infection.
• Management: Keeping the nails short and avoiding water exposure or activities that might exacerbate the lifting is advised. In case of pain or signs of infection, medical consultation is recommended.

• Nail Texture: Some patients may notice a change in the texture of their nails, with nails becoming rougher or having a sandpaper-like feel.
• Sensitivity: Increased sensitivity or pain in the nails can occur, making daily activities involving the hands uncomfortable.

• Infection Risk: The risk of fungal and bacterial infections can increase, particularly under and around the nail area.
• Nail Loss: Though less common, some patients may experience temporary nail loss due to the effects of chemotherapy drugs. 

Proper nail care is crucial during chemotherapy to manage side effects and minimize discomfort. Here are some additional tips and expanded content on how to care for your nails:

• Hygiene: Regularly wash and gently dry your hands and feet to prevent fungal and bacterial infections.
• Moisture Management: Avoid prolonged exposure to water, such as soaking in baths, as this can exacerbate nail weakness.

• Use Soft Tools: Soft nail files are preferred over metal ones. Gently file in one direction to shape the nails without causing splits.
• Avoid Aggressive Manicures: Cuticle trimming and aggressive manicure techniques should be avoided as they can lead to infections.

• Cuticle Care: Apply cuticle oil or a hydrating cream to the nail bed to prevent dryness and cracking.
• Regular Application: Reapply moisturizers after washing hands or when nails feel dry.

• Wear Gloves: Use gloves for housework and gardening. Consider cotton gloves under rubber gloves for extra protection.
• Sun Protection: Use a sunscreen on your hands to protect your nails from UV rays if they’re sensitive or discolored.

• Habit Breaking: Keep nails short and smooth to avoid the temptation of biting or picking, which can lead to infections and worsen nail conditions.

• Protective Layer: Breathable, water-based nail polishes can provide a protective layer and reduce nail brittleness.
• Color Selection: Lighter colors or clear polish can minimize the appearance of discoloration and make chips less noticeable.

• Nutrition for Nail Health: A diet rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals can support nail health. Include foods high in biotin, such as eggs, nuts, and whole grains.

• Professional Advice: If you notice significant changes in your nails, such as severe lifting, pain, or signs of infection, consult your healthcare provider.
• Specialized Treatments: In some cases, dermatologists can provide specific treatments or protective nail lacquers.

• Avoid Artificial Nails: Artificial nails or harsh nail treatments can further damage weakened nails.
• Gentle Drying: After washing, gently pat nails dry instead of rubbing them.

• Self-Care: Recognize that changes in nail appearance can affect self-esteem. Seek support from friends, family, or support groups to cope with these changes.

Here are some additional tips for managing nail changes during chemo:

• Avoid using harsh soaps and detergents: These can dry out your nails.
• Wear socks to bed: This can help to prevent your nails from scratching against each other and from getting bedding tangled in them.
• Eat a healthy diet: Eating a healthy diet can help to keep your nails healthy and strong.
• Manage stress: Stress can worsen nail changes.

• Signs of Infection: Symptoms like redness, swelling, or pus around the nails should prompt immediate medical consultation.
• Severe Nail Changes: It’s important to seek professional advice for any severe or painful changes in your nails.

• Recovery Time: Nail recovery post-chemotherapy can vary, but understanding the timeline helps in managing expectations.
• Continued Nail Care: Continued gentle care is vital for nail recovery, even after the conclusion of chemotherapy.

While changes to nails during chemotherapy can be a source of concern, understanding these changes and proper nail care can help manage them effectively. It’s important to remember that these changes are generally temporary and manageable with the right care.

Also Read:

• An Overview of Chemotherapy in Cancer!
• How Does Chemotherapy Affect the Nails | Side Effects of Chemotherapy on Nails
• What Causes Nausea After Chemotherapy?|How Long Does Nausea After Chemotherapy Last?
• How To Manage Your Diet During Chemotherapy?
• How To Manage The Side Effects Of Chemotherapy?
• 10 Important Facts Of Chemotherapy Sessions
• ICE Chemotherapy : Treatment Regimen & Side Effects